That is honestly working pretty well.
There is a lot of mass to move in the rotational axis. So your stepper and driver need to be strong. What current driver and stepper are you using? What do you have the current limit set to? I usually have a pretty small current set, but my gantry is much lighter.
Is it skipping steps when it studders? If it skips, it won’t return to 0,0 correctly. Or is it just pausing? I wonder if it is the jerk or S curve settings getting confused by the strange units. The planner is based on XY motion. So if there is a 90 degree turn in XY, because the direction changes from purely X to purely Y, the planner will slow down to a stop to make that turn. But since you are in polar, a complete change from radial to angular direction would happen at the pi/4 angles in the ellipse. It kind of looks like that is where the trouble is. Increasing that parameter will make it slow down less there.
It honestly looks pretty good. I don’t think it will be nearly as obvious when it is covered and you only see the marble. I don’t want it to skip steps and if the studdering is because of some planner anomaly, then we should be able to figure that out. But the general speeds are looking ok.