This is similar to my experience, in particular Z_MIN_PROBE_USES_Z_MIN_ENDSTOP_PIN is bad. It does not work for G38 on the zmin pin as the name would imply, and you have to disable that option and manually set probe to the ZMIN pin, which seems backwards.
Marlin is internally confused about probing, I think because the history is around bed leveling and not the CNC use case of G38 style probing.