Core flipped and extension attached!
Waiting on Z clamps to finish printing.
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Nice and high, should have no issue reaching with a carousel of tools. 
Not especially stiff (flange joint I think) but plenty for swapping tools. And plenty stiff when lowered.
Flipping the core I forgot about the special Y clamp to clear the bolt on the truck. 
I’ll live with it.
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What if the carousel took up the same footprint as the machine? The different tools would be on the inner diameter instead of the outer?
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I don’t think there’s a good way to reach the normal working Z height range because it’s hard to clear the side rails. I may be missing something, but I think this would also be true on the inside of a ring.
So the remaining options are for extra Z range below the table (through a hole) or above the side rails. Below the table would have plenty of room and you could have a ring with tools inside or outside. What I don’t think I can solve is the problem of how to route the power cables.
Above the rails is the approach I’m taking and just requires the Z extension to allow the Z axis to raise extra high.
I’m going to integrate the carousel into the front left corner. Here is a prototype for mounting a vertical tube to act as the axis for the carousel.
The plan is some herringbone gears that I can steal from another project to drive basically a 4th axis with no need for more belts.
What if you had power running to brass plates in the mount system you made. These plates would make contact with a second set in the individual tool mounts. What ever may be needed to convert voltage per tool could be mounted with each tool. This way you only have to manage one power supply. I’m not sure if this is even possible just spit balling.
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This is possible. I have some discomfort with putting 110V on an exposed connector but a good design could probably be safe enough and reliable enough. There is an advantage that if it were scaled to a large number of tools, it wouldn’t consume a lot of GPIO pins and require a lot of firmware/gcode hacks to turn on the correct tool. Even if the individual tools are not plugged/unplugged, there would be value in some mechanical multiplexing of the power rather than having N relays for N tools.
I included an electrical connection to the tool in my previous design (barely worked) and that is still in the long-term plan. This was intended to be 5V step/dir/enable and probe, which at a minimum allows an axis on the tool, but it is also kinda-sorta like SPI and with software (hand waving) could open up more possibilities, but that’s the future.
Previous Work
The other thing with below-the-table is that besides power, some tools have other needs for a connection like a 3D print head needs filament or a vacuum line for a pick-and-place grabber. So for a fully generic, sky’s-the-limit scenario, a hole in the table is problematic, but for electric power only, below the table would be more compact and have a cleaner look as well as being denser.
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What about an in line rack that slides from side to side?
Yes, that could work too. I see no reason why it wouldn’t.
Tonight mounted carousel on the corner.
Removed original corner top. New corner top has integrated tube holder and struts for supporting large wheel gear. Added tube and secured wheel gear, also added bearing on tube end at the top.
Then the “rocket” piece attaches to the wooden carousel wheel and tapered top section rides on top bearing. Three more radial bearings on the wooden piece ride against the tube (through openings at the bottom of the ‘rocket’. Tight enough so there is no play and the carousel can only rotate about its axis.
Stepper motor mounted to wooden plate has small herringbone gear that fits the large wheel gear.
When the cutout portion is facing toward the workspace it has minimal interference. A large tool could conceivably collide with the gear but in any case it would only minimally shrink the working space. In particular the wooden wheel is high enough to clear the stepper motor on the X rails.
I still have not hooked up the carousel motor to the E axis, nor have I developed a parking spot for the tools.
Running out of time! 
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I still didn’t figure out how it’s going to work, but looks interesting. 
Nice work, I’m really interested to see the results!
Down to the wire! Deadline is later tonight.
I don’t have time to build it twice to take pictures of all the steps, but I’ve written most of the words and I think I’ve identified all the pictures I need. So now that I have the video I can disassemble and take pictures along the way as if I were building it. I’ll see if I can take advantage of Christopher Nolan’s reverse entropy.
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Wowzers!
Make sure you tell us all where to vote. That is great. Do they need to be that far apart?
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Unfortunately yes because they hang down far enough that they will collide with the trucks. The disc is high enough to clear the trucks and motors but the tools hang below the disc in order to be low enough for the tool changer to grab them. But they are high enough to clear the rails. This is also why the tool changer head moves so far away when rotating the carousel.
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Dang, So in the end there is not loss of work area, you just turn into the blank open corner of the carousel and off you go? That is something very special. Amazing work!
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I was meaning the angle difference between them on the plate. They don’t quite seem balanced, but it seems like the circle travels a lot to rotated between them.
Ok here it is:
And yes the angle between them on the plate is constrained because for each one in the ‘pickup/park’ position, its neighbors must clear the trucks. If you see when it’s picking up the second tool (the one to the left) the other tool (the one to the right) barely clears the X axis truck. If they were closer then there would be a collision.
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Is there enough room between the two tools to mount another tool and still have the trucks clear? From the angle in the video it seems like there might just be enough room to make it work.
Aha. I get it now.
Is it added to the contest? I didn’t see it.